Concrete, also known as conglomerate and abbreviated CLS, is a material of artificial origin widely used in construction. Let’s see what it is and how it is prepared.

What is Concrete?

Concrete is a multifaceted building material that finds multiple applications in construction. It is, in fact, the most used material in construction. Here are its main components:

Binder: This element reacts with water, hardening and resulting in a monolithic product with a hard consistency. The most common binders are hydrated lime (calcium hydroxide) and cement. These binders can harden even submerged in water.
Inert or aggregates: These components are of natural origin and derive from quarries or from the crushing of larger rocks. The aggregates are divided into three categories: sand (stone type), gravel (crushed stone, with a thicker grain than sand) and special aggregates such as pumice and expanded clay, which boast thermal and acoustic insulation properties.
Additives: These include thinners, antifreezes, retarders and air-entrainers. Additives influence the properties of concrete.
How is concrete prepared?

The composition of concrete varies according to the intended use and desired properties. Typically, they mix:

300 kg of cement
600 kg of sand
1300 kg of gravel
120 liters of water

The mix is carried out inside the mixer present in the concrete batching plant and completed on site in the appropriate concrete mixer.

By varying the percentages of the components of the mixture, it is possible to obtain different types of concrete, in addition to the common ones. For example:

Lightweight concrete: By adding air-entraining additives.
Shielding concretes: Replacing part of the sand with materials with a higher molecular weight, such as barium.
Bituminous or asphalt concretes: Used to pave roads.
Uses of Concrete

Modern construction could not do without concrete. From bridges to tunnels, from roads to aqueducts, to the structural parts of buildings, this material is an integral part of the architecture of every construction.

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